Technological Characteristics and Annealing Treatment of Large Machine Tool Castings
Release time：
2023-02-21
Casting is a traditional metal forming industry. There are many production processes for machine tool bed castings, many influencing factors, and great difficulty in quality control. Especially large machine tool castings have high requirements in terms of tooling, molding process and casting, and every detail is handled well. Longqi is the quality and temperature of molten iron, which is critical to the success of casting production and has an impact on the material and performance of castings. Crack is a sensitive problem of large machine tool castings. If the machine tool casting cracks, in addition to the large wall thickness difference of the casting structure itself, the performance of the molten iron material is also the cause of the cracks.
Casting is a traditional metal forming industry. There are many production processes for machine tool bed castings, many influencing factors, and great difficulty in quality control. Especially large machine tool castings have high requirements in terms of tooling, molding process and casting, and every detail is handled well. Longqi is the quality and temperature of molten iron, which is critical to the success of casting production and has an impact on the material and performance of castings. Crack is a sensitive problem of large machine tool castings. If the machine tool casting cracks, in addition to the large wall thickness difference of the casting structure itself, the performance of the molten iron material is also the cause of the cracks.
When designing the machine tool structure, in addition to determining the geometric shape and size of the machine tool castings according to the working conditions and metal material properties, the rationality of the design should be considered from the perspective of casting alloy and casting process characteristics to avoid the occurrence of casting defects such as deformation and cracking of the castings. At the same time, the casting process should be reasonably selected according to the casting structure, weight and size during production to ensure the machine tool castings produced.
In the process of producing machine tool castings, the actual problems in the actual casting production process should be taken into account in the design of machine tool structural drawings to avoid conflicts with the casting process of machine tool castings. The rib plates should be reasonably arranged. The reasonable arrangement of rib plates can greatly improve the static stiffness of machine tool castings. During the operation of the machine tool, under the action of external forces, the casting will bear bending and torsion loads. The size of bending and torsion deformation depends on the section bending resistance and torsional moment of inertia of the machine tool casting. The bending resistance and torsional moment of inertia are large, the deformation is small, and the rigidity is high. The reasonable layout of the machine tool structure can significantly improve the stress condition of the machine tool and improve the rigidity of the machine tool. In addition, silicon, aluminum, magnesium, sulfur, phosphorus and other non-elements are added to the materials during casting production to enhance the strength of machine tool castings, and the resin sand lost foam casting process is adopted to make the machine tool castings achieve high seismic resistance and high rigidity, and improve the stability of the machine tool.
Machine tool castings are the support of the whole machine tool, with high accuracy requirements. Machine tool castings are subject to annealing treatment. There are many parts with local hardening and surface hardening. Many machine tool castings only require high local surface properties, such as machine tool worktable, T-slot worktable, floor boring machine worktable, etc. Except for a few machine tool castings which are subject to local hardening in salt bath furnace, most machine tool castings are subject to local surface hardening.
Machine tool castings require high stability. Usually, there are one or more stabilization treatments in the manufacturing process, such as stress relief annealing, natural aging treatment, etc., to minimize residual internal stress, so as to ensure the stability of the cast iron workbench.
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